Postpartum Depression and Crime The Case of Andrea...

On July 27, 2006, the New York Times published an article on the findings of the retrial of Andrea Yates and her not guilty due to insanity over the drowning deaths of her five children. (Woman Not Guilty, 2006). The court decided to commit her to a state mental hospital until medical experts decide she is not a threat to herself or anyone else. In 2002, an earlier jury rejected her claims she was psychotic and found her guilty. Yates alleged by murdering her children she actually saved them. (Woman Not Guilty, 2006). The appeals court overturned the decision because of â€Å"erroneous testimony from a prosecution witness.† (Woman Not Guilty, 2006). Yate’s lead lawyer, George Parnham, remarked that the verdict was a â€Å"watershed for mental†¦show more content†¦The onset of this illness is very quick and â€Å"symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, mood swings, confused thinking, and disorganized behavior.† (McGarth, p. 3). However, this article did not mention a concern relating to violence. In The Conflicted Treatment of Postpartum Psychosis Under Criminal Law, Christie L. March wrote that although the illness may â€Å"impair a woman’s mental stability while not rising to the level of an irresistible impulse, thereby not meeting a volitional test should it apply and still not meeting the cognitive test required under most states to qualify as an insanity defense. Nearly all postpartum psychosis sufferers understand the moral wrongness of killing their child(ren). â€Å"(p. 255). Although, March did mention generally there is no doubt about the mental instability of mothers who murder their children while suffering from postpartum psychosis or depression. Current research is undecided on the link between psychosis and increased criminal behavior in the population. Illness and Association with the Crime The case of Andrea Yates raised numerous questions and debates in relation to mental health, postpartum psychosis, and the amount of responsibility Yates played in the murder of her children. After the first trial of Yates, as mentioned through Laura March’s Article, the four jurors interviewed mentioned Yates’ confessionShow MoreRelatedEssay about CJA 314 biological criminal behavior1492 Words   |  6 PagesCriminal Behavior Andrea Yates had battled with postpartum depression for years and on June 20, 2001, she drowned all five children in the bathtub of her home. Ultimately the underlining cause of her actions was caused by postpartum psychosis that was triggered by Andrea’s improper use of her medication, failure to adhere to her doctor’s advice after treatment, and her lack of knowledge of coping techniques commonly used by women who suffer from postpartum depression. Postpartum depression can take upRead MoreBiological Criminal Behavior Essay1855 Words   |  8 PagesBiological Criminal Behavior Jordan Miller, Amy Showers, Sarah Wilson, Myron Reynolds, Cristine Saldate, Aisha Peeples CJA 314 May 14, 2012 Alonzo Medina Biological Criminal Behavior People perceive that crime, primarily violent crimes, such as murder, is the most serious crime society faces in modern times. This has led to efforts by many research groups to attempt to find the cause of such criminal behavior. The focus of such research is biological issues with the belief that a biologicalRead MoreEssay on Andrea Yates: the Hand That Rocked the Cradle1034 Words   |  5 PagesAndrea Yates: The Hand That Rocked The Cradle Noble Woods III PSY 303 Abnormal Psychology Julie  Bruno 19 September 2011 In 1964 Andrea Yates was born into a Roman Catholic family. She had had a normal upbringing. Andrea graduated valedictorian of her class in 1982. After high school Andrea continued her education and became a Registered Nurse. In 1984 Andrea met Russell â€Å"Rusty† Yates. The couple dated and eventually fell in love. They married in 1993, and started a family. AndreaRead MoreDid Andrea Yates Have Schizophrenia?878 Words   |  4 PagesDid Andrea Yates have schizophrenia? On July 30, 2001, Andrea was indicted on two counts of capital murder for the deaths of Noah (seven), John (five), and Mary (six months),but not for the deaths of her other two children, Luke (three) and Paul (two). In this paper we will discuss Andrea Yates behaviors, treatments and court case where she was found not guilty by reason of insanity. After Andreas first pregnancy, in 1994, she started experiencing postpartum depression. She experienced hallucinationsRead MorePost Partum Depression Essay999 Words   |  4 Pagestearfulness, irritability, hypochondriasis, sleeplessness, impairment of concentration, isolation and headache. (Andrea Yates) Women are given time off work and are instructed to do minimal physical activities, they do this in the US so that the woman’s body may recover. Recovery takes a long time and there is an 80% chance that post pregnant woman will become diagnosed with depression, which is when a person feels sad or down for a long period of time. But are these women getting all the help theyRead MoreThe Postpartum Depression And Crime Essay1920 Words   |  8 Pagesessay explores postpartum depression and crime. Form intensive research, readers should be able to educate themselves on the actual disorder itself, and how it is linked to crime. In fact, more than half of the cases that involve infant fatality in the United States, have resulted from unawareness of mental illness’s such as PPD. Discussed in the essay, is the Andrea Yates cases, which involve a Houston, Texas mother, suffering from postpartum psychosis. However, the outcome of Yates cases, resulted inRead MoreCase Analysis : Andrea Yates Trial1061 Words   |  5 PagesJune 20, 2001, Andrea Yates committed one of the evil act in society. She drowned her five children after claiming that a voice told her to do it. Andrea Yates defense attorney enters a plea of not guilty by reason of insanity. The conviction in 2001 was overturned on appeal. First Court of Appeals reverses Yates capital murder conviction and remands it to trial court and found her guilty by reason of insanity in 2006. This paper will relate the facts of the trial and the case study, argumentRead MoreCase Analysis of Andrea Yates Essay1372 Words   |  6 Pages XXJUN2012 PS208 Case Analysis of Andrea Yates After close review and careful analysis of the case of Andrea Yates and the circumstances which led to the drowning death and murder of her five children, I first would like to state my personal opinion on the conclusion of the case which was the majority consensus at the time of her trial and sentencing. She was guilty of a horrible murder and althoughRead MoreAndrea Yates Essay968 Words   |  4 PagesAndrea Yates Arguement Last June in 2001, a 37-year-old lady by the name of Andrea Yates, was arrested for killing her five children. Most people like me would agree that she was sane, and the death penalty would have been the right punishment for Mrs. Andrea Yates. The punishment in the State of Texas for committing two capital crimes is life in jail or the death penalty. Andrea’s lawyer tried to show her innocence by protesting that she was insane at the time of the killingsRead MoreThe Andre Yates Case : Crime And Delinquency1602 Words   |  7 PagesBeatrice Benjamin Crime and Delinquency SO209 12/03/14 The Andre Yates Case On June 20th 2001, Andrea Yates drowned her five children in the bathtub of her small suburban home in Clear Lake Texas. The subsequent trial and conviction caused a gargantuan amount of controversy. Jurors found Andrea guilty and sentenced her to life in prison despite the fact that there was an abundance of evidence to suggest that Andrea was legally insane at the time of the killings. In fact, 63% of the

Essay about Security in peer to peer networks - 1808 Words

Thesis statement: Users of Peer to Peer networks must be aware of the security and how to deal with the attacks. Introduction Technologies are getting more advance each day, in this assignment will be sharing and discuss about the security in peer to peer networks. Security run an important role in every network applications because this is the place where people and the systems are all link up together and can access each other data and also programs. According to Madron (1992) points out that: One of the primary objectives of computer networks (and especially of local area networks) is to provide easy and convenient access to computer systems within an organizations, and it is that same ease of use that can sometimes conflict with†¦show more content†¦When everyone is accessible to remote peers, the host becomes more open for all kinds of attacks. In addition, as clients, peers may download different forms of files or get their process executed by different remote systems, which may prove to be hostile. The best things to do to prevent all this things to happen, is to stay out from peer to peer network. But with this kind of solution will depose us of all P2P computing or network privileges. P2P systems example like Gnutella, Wired:P2P pages and Groove Networks are here to stay. â€Å"Gnutella A free software application using peer-to-peer technology for sharing MP3 and video files. Wired: P2P Pages This global file-sharing guide lists 240-plus downloads, services, and information resources - most of them free - designed for experienced P2Pers and novices alike. Technical specs are provided for software developers to build many of these services. Groove Networks Develops Internet-based software for people to collaborate with one another.† ( http://www.business2.com/webguide/0,,26518,00.html ) If P2P are going to be used widely or commercially, the requirements of security of the hosts should make their transactions secure and applications endanger the security of the host. The Peer-to-Peer networks threat nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Peer-to-peer networks software or files are available for free in the network itself, because of this there are threats in P2P networks. During transferring files or loadingShow MoreRelatedComputer Network Platforms And Network Operating Systems935 Words   |  4 Pagesbetween two or more computers is called a computer network. The most common computer network architectures are peer-to-peer, client-server, and virtualisation. As programming and software, advancement has enhanced in the course of recent decades, so have computers turned out to be better at communicating on a network system. Network operating systems are designed primarily to support user administration, security of all resources in the network, system maintenance activities and tasks related withRead MoreComparison Between P2p, Client And Server And Virtualization Networks1088 Words   |  5 PagesVirtualization Networks A comparison is made between the three models comparing different attributes to show which setup would be best feasible for a small business unit. The network models that are compared are, Peer to Peer network, Client/Server Model and Virtualization Models. The comparison between P2P, Client/server and Virtualization is tabulated below. P2P Client/Server Virtualization Administration No Cost Less expensive when compared to virtualization Very Expensive Security Less secureRead MoreA Brief Note On P2p Vs. P2p1651 Words   |  7 PagesDescription: A peer-to-peer (P2P) network is created when two or more PCs are connected and share resources without going through a separate server computer. A P2P network can be an ad hoc connection—a couple of computers connected via a Universal Serial Bus to transfer files. Peer-to-peer (P2P) networking is the networking between the same type of devices. Peers are equally privileged. P2P is an alternative network model to that provided by traditional client-server architecture. In a P2P network, everyRead MoreA Brief Note On Peer And Peer Networks994 Words   |  4 Pages Peer to Peer networks are one of the most popular of all social media platforms. A peer to peer network also called p2p, which we will use throughout this investigation, â€Å"is a distributed application architecture that partitions tasks or workloads between peers† (Peer-to-peer, 2014.)[2] The interest in p2p has steadily been growing since the introduction of Napster in 1999. There are several different types of p2p networks, platforms and architectures which we will discuss. The p2p networks whileRead MoreHow Lan Can Use A Specific Lan For Essay1563 Words   |  7 Pages Describe what the user will mainly use a specific LAN for: LAN is a local-area network which covers a relatively small area. Most LAN’s are restricted to a single building or groups of buildings. One LAN can be connected to other LANs for any distance through telephone lines and radio waves. LAN connects the computer hardware in a localized area for example in an office or home. Furthermore, LANs use wired connections to link the computers to each other and to a variety of peripheral devices suchRead MoreHow The Implementation Of A Client Server743 Words   |  3 PagesCollege† is very challenging . I will have to implement their system based on one of the following architecture : Client server or peer to peer.In my decision I will have to keep in mind the following Client server is based on a powerful computer , a central network and less powerful computers which are called clients. One of the options we have is client server or peer to peer. Client server is centralisation of control and the resources the will be controlled by a dedicated server. In client base serverRead MoreApplication Of Structured Query Language1251 Words   |  6 Pagesaspects and also transparency in network services depict that similar data is being shared among users. †¢ Integration of Services: Every client is given the opportunity to access corporate information via the desktop interface eliminating the necessity to log into a terminal mode or another processor. Desktop tools like spreadsheet, power point presentations etc can be used to deal with corporate data with the help of database and application servers resident on the network to produce meaningful informationRead MoreIt 240 Week 3 Checkpoint Essay626 Words   |  3 PagesGuide to Networking Essentials. After determining if a client-based or client/server model will be used, substantively justify your choice in 200 to 300 words. Case Project 3-1 What changes in equipment are required to bring this company’s network up to date to solve the shared-bandwidth problem? The star topology would change to an extended star topology; I would upgrade the cables to Cat 5e or Cat 6 UTP. I would upgrade the Hubs to 1000 BaseT Switches, upgrade the 5 extra computers withRead MoreNetwork Operating Systems (NOS) Essay827 Words   |  4 PagesNetwork Operating Systems, abbreviated NOS, are programs that are designed to work with numerous computers on a network, allowing for communication amongst them, but â€Å"the term network operating system, however, is generally reserved for software that enhances a basic operating system by adding networking features† [5]. The NOS provides structure to the network as it controls the hardware and software within a network. The network operating system allows for the ability to include all the componentsRead MoreAccounting Case Study744 Words   |  3 Pagesemployees to help you, I would like to give you some advices on choosing a network. There are two main network choices. First one is Peer to Peer networking , and second one is Client/Server. They are both networks that connects computers so that files and document can be shared. The pros of Peer to Peer are, low cost, easy setup, little training, you will not need a server and it’s ideal for small business. In this network, each user on a computer is the administrator of that computer. Each user

Logic and Logically Consistent Manner Free Essays

1. What is logic? Is it beneficial for you to think in a logically consistent manner? â€Å"The inherent ability to mentally compare and weigh two or more perceptions and to mentally conclude accurately what is the differences and/or similarities between each perception. † â€Å"Logic is the science or art of exact reasoning, or of pure and formal thoughts, or of the laws according to which the processes of pure thinking should be conducted and formation and application of general notion. We will write a custom essay sample on Logic and Logically Consistent Manner or any similar topic only for you Order Now † Logic is the study of information encoded in the form of logical sentences. 2. What if†¦ if the basic laws of logic such as below is not available to us? a. ) Law of Identity: A is A b. ) Law of excluded middle: A or not A c. ) Law of non-contradiction: A and not A both doesn’t follow. 3. Why symbols are important in the domain of mathematics and in the growth of scientific knowledge? Symbols, in the most fundamental sense of the word, can refer to anything which stands for something else (the signified). There could be a natural relation which immediately suggests the relation between a sign and signified or the relation could be arbitrary and chosen through some convention such as words in a language. Process of symbolization: It is the replacement of something by a symbol for example; one can replace ‘Mass’ by ‘m’, a number by ‘n’. In almost all cases such replacement or naming is conventional and arbitrary. The process of symbolization should not and does not modify or distort that which it stands for. 4. Is communication effective without the logical connectives such as or, and, implies, not, if and only if? 5. Why we treat mathematical truth as certain? Why logic emphasizes on â€Å"tautologies† rather than contradictions? Logic is non-contingent, in the sense that they do not depend on any particular accidental features of the world. Physics and the other empirical sciences investigate the way the world actually is. That no signal can travel faster than the speed of light is depends upon the law of physics. If the laws were different, perhaps this would not have been true. While the principles of logic are derived using reasoning only and their validity does not depends on any contingent features of the world. How to cite Logic and Logically Consistent Manner, Essay examples

Child Abuse and Neglect free essay sample

The New York State Educational Department (SED) oversees the training requirements for mandated reporters. Some examples of fields that require this training to obtain there license is Medical professionals, teachers, and social workers. As a child care provider in New York State we are required to report abuse when there is a reasonable cause, such as Maltreatment or if the child is being placed in imminent danger. Some indications of abuse or maltreatment are: frequent bruises cuts or burns Fear or going home Inappropriate sexual behaviors Sexual victimization of other children Obvious malnourishment Frequent absences Stealing or begging for food When any concerns are suspected they must telephoned immediately to the New York Statewide Central Register of Child Abuse and Maltreatment (SCR) which is open 24 hrs a day seven days a week. Immediate Notification is required so that immediate intervention can be provided by the department of social services. The Mandated reporters are not to notify the parents before or after it has been reported. Child Abuse and Neglect A Review of the Literature Between 1,460 and 2,555 children die every year due to child abuse and neglect; meaning that on average, between four and seven children die daily. In a classroom of 20 children, 13 will have been abused or neglected (Childhelp, 2013). These statistics should be shocking to anyone. Child abuse and neglect is an extremely understated problem in American society. The federal definition of child abuse and neglect is â€Å"any recent act or failure to act on the part of a parent or caretaker that results in death, serious physical or emotional harm, sexual abuse, or exploitation† or â€Å"an act or failure to act that presents an imminent risk of serious harm† (Gosselin, 2009, p. 93). Although this is the set definition, there can be different variations of it depending on specific state laws. Child abuse and neglect occur in many varying forms and do not always appear in the same manner. Some types of abuse and neglect include emotional abuse, psychological abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, educational neglect, medical neglect, emotional neglect, and physical neglect. This paper will discuss the signs of these various forms of child abuse and neglect as well as provide insight to the effects on children. Emotional Abuse Emotional and psychological abuse of children is one of the most commonly overlooked forms of abuse (American Humane Association, 2013). This may be due to the fact that there is no physical abuse occurring for people to notice. Also, not as many people know that emotional and psychological child abuse is happening. One of the biggest problems with forms of emotional and psychological abuse it that it is almost impossible to detect while it is occurring. Often times, it is not noticed until much later in a child’s life. Emotional abuse is something that most people have experienced in their lifetime, but not to an extreme extent. Some examples of emotional abuse include â€Å"constant belittling, shaming, and humiliating a child, name calling, making negative comparisons to others, frequent yelling, threatening, or bullying, ignoring or rejecting a child as a punishment, and limited physical contact (hugs or kisses)† (Smith, 2013). Parents discipline their children in different ways and have varying methods of punishment, but to constantly belittle or threaten one’s child is something much different. This type of abuse is a very painful one for children to experience because they often blame themselves and wonder why their parents are treating them this way. Emotional abuse can lead to impairments in children’s emotional development and their sense of well-being. Psychological Abuse Along with emotional abuse, psychological abuse can be just as harmful. Psychological abuse is more of a game of power, where parents control their children and make them believe, for example, that they are worthless. This leads to serious psychological problems and can cause many disorders such as â€Å"anxiety, depression, withdrawal, or aggressive behavior† (Gosselin, 2009, p. 96). To some parents, using the old saying, â€Å"sticks and stones may break my bones but words can never hurt me† is justification enough for this type of abuse. Most parents do not understand that their children are not able to handle ridicule and harassment as well as adults. To children, having their parents make comments to them can affect their psyche for the rest of their lives. In at least one study, â€Å"about 80% of 21 year olds that were abused as children met criteria for at least one psychological disorder† (Childhelp, 2013). Many parents who do abuse their children emotionally or psychologically believe that it is not abuse because they are making them stronger and preparing them for people who will be mean and hurtful to them in the future. However, these parents are leaving their children with damaged mental health and social development problems that can leave lifelong scars on their children. Physical Abuse Physical and sexual abuse of a child can leave these same psychological scars, but are also accompanied by physical scars as well. It is estimated that â€Å"more than 90% of juvenile sexual abuse victims know their perpetrator in some way† (Childhelp, 2013). Children are vulnerable to this type of abuse because they trust the people who are supposed to take care of them and look after them, making it extremely easy for their caretakers to take advantage of them. Physical abuse is generally defined as â€Å"any non-accidental physical injury to the child and can include striking, stabbing, kicking, burning, or biting the child, or any action that results in a physical impairment or death of a child such as shaking or throwing† (Gosselin, 2009, p. 100). Regarding physical abuse, many parents defend their abuse and claim that it is a form of discipline for the child. These parents do not understand the difference between discipline and abuse, which can often indicate that they were disciplined the same way. Some signs of physical abuse in children are: â€Å"frequent injuries or unexplained bruises, welts, or cuts; injuries that have a pattern, such as a belt or hand; shies away from touch; seems afraid to go home; flinches at sudden movements; and a child who is always on alert for something bad to happen† (Smith, 2013). Physical abuse can go unnoticed for long periods of time because children can cover up their scars or hide their injuries, but most of the time, it is bound to be discovered. Sexual Abuse Sexual abuse, however, is not as noticeable as physical abuse. Sexual abuse can be defined as â€Å"the employment, use, persuasion, inducement, enticement, or coercion of any child to engage in, or assist any other person to engage in, any sexually explicit conduct or simulation of such conduct for the purpose of producing a visual deception of such conduct† (Gosselin, 2009, p. 101). This type of abuse is not as much about love and intimacy, but more about power and control. Children who are sexually abused are often under the control of their attacker and have trouble finding a way out of the abusive situation. Some signs to look for in children who are sexually abused are: â€Å"trouble walking or sitting; displaying knowledge or interest in sexual acts inappropriate to his/her age, or even seductive behavior; making strong efforts to avoid a specific person; not wanting to change clothes in front of others or participate in physical activities; having an STD or being pregnant; or a child running away from home† (Smith, 2013). Most children who are sexual abused are abused by someone they know and love and often times, they do not know that this type of abuse is wrong. The abusers in the situation will brainwash the children and make the abuse seem normal, or they will threaten the child into submission and make them keep the abuse a secret. Sexual abuse in children can lead to significant psychological and physical problems for them later in life, and these children often suffer from guilt and shame throughout their life as a result of this abuse. Educational Neglect Cases of child neglect differ from cases of abuse, but only in their execution, not their outcome for the child. According to the National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System â€Å"of the approximately 899,000 children in the United States who were victims of abuse and neglect in 2005, 62. 8 percent (564,765 children) suffered from neglect alone, including medical neglect† (American Humane Association, 2013). A fact that many people do not know it that educational neglect is one of the fastest growing types of child neglect and is punishable by law. This neglect is not referring to parents who cannot get their children to go to school because they run away or lies about going, this neglect is referring to the parents who do not make any effort to enroll their children in school or give them the mean to stay in school. This neglect can include â€Å"permitted chronic truancy, failure to enroll or other truancy, and inattention to special education need† (Gosselin, 2009, p. 98). One important aspect of this type of neglect are the parents who fail to accept that their child has an educational special need and should be placed in alternative classrooms or children who have learning disabilities. Education is important for children in their growth and development, and it is required by law that they must attend school until the age of 16 (public, private, homeschooled, or otherwise). Those parents who do not make education a part of their children lives are hurting them just as much as if they were physically abusing or neglecting them. Education can predict the outcome of children’s lives. Medical Neglect Another common form of neglect is medical neglect which can be characterized as â€Å"failing to provide any special medical treatment or mental health care need by the child† or â€Å"the withholding of medical treatment or nutrition from disabled infants with life-threatening conditions† (Gosselin, 2013, p. 99). This is a very serious form of neglect and is often seen in parents who do not take their children to the hospital or doctors when they are feeling ill or have broken bones. Some parents believe that time will heal wounds, or they think that herbal medicines can cure diseases just as well as other medicines. There are, however, cases of parents who do not take their children to receive medical attention because they are the ones who inflicted the pain on their children. That case would turn into a form of abuse and neglect and is often seen together. Concerning medical neglect, it is important to understand that children need to receive yearly check-ups by doctors to get immunizations and tests done to ensure that the child is healthy. Parents who refuse to, or think they do not have the means to take their children to the doctors, hospital or urgent care facility are at risk for possibly killing their own children. It is seen more often in medical neglect cases that parents who did not take their children to these facilities were afraid of going to jail because they causes the injuries to the child. Emotional Neglect Others forms of neglect include emotional and physical neglect. Emotional neglect can be categorized under circumstances including: â€Å"exposure to chronic or extreme intimate partner violence, permitting drug or alcohol use, or having a delay in psychological care† (Gosselin, 2009, p. 98). Emotional neglect to a child is one of the most painful aspects of neglect. When a parent ignores and terrorizes a child or does not want him or her anymore, they are neglecting the child and leaving him or her with emotional walls. It is not easy for children to understand why their parents are doing this, or what they did to deserve this type of punishment. If parents cannot provide their children with adequate care such as psychological help or counseling and instead are encouraging them to drink alcohol and smoke illegal substances, then these people should not be parents. Regarding emotional neglect, it is important to understand that not emotionally supporting children can make them unable to form proper relationships later in life. Physical Neglect In addition to emotional neglect, children face a great deal of physical neglect from their parents. Physical neglect accounts for the majority of cases of maltreatment (Healy, 2013). Maltreatment occurs when children injure themselves or are faced with severe malnutrition as a result of a parent or caretaker. Physical neglect involves: â€Å"the failure to provide adequate food, clothing, shelter, hygiene, protection, or supervision† (Gosselin, 2009, p. 99). It can also include â€Å"child abandonment, inadequate supervision, rejection of a child leading to expulsion from the home and failure to adequately provide for the child’s safety and physical and emotional needs† (Healy, 2013). Physical neglect is different from physical abuse because instead of people inflicting pain on children, they are causing pain by ignoring them or not giving them everything they need to survive. These forms of neglect can harm children just as much as the forms of abuse can, and all of them leave lasting scars. With physical neglect, parents often do not provide their children with their basic needs. Children not only need love and support, they also need food, clothing, and shelter. The main aspect lacking in child care regarding all of these forms of abuse and neglect are reporting programs and parental education. If there were more enhanced programs for people to report these forms of abuse and neglect, the statistics would most likely decrease significantly. Children do not know how to report abuse or neglect can often just keep quiet, and the people they do report to do not always know the correct measures to take. It is important to educate not only our children, teachers, and the general public, but also parents. If parents were more educated in how to care for a child, or what is acceptable and not acceptable to do, these forms of abuse and neglect would also decrease. Parents who exhibit abuse or neglect on their children often claim that they did not know what they were doing was wrong and they did not think there was a problem with their forms of discipline. Everyone needs to be more educated on this topic and it is important to catch this abuse and neglect at the earliest stage possible to decrease the lasting effects on the child.